I think it's a joke about how people from Poland have a lot of consonant letters in their name, particularly the letter Z. This appears strange to non-poles, and thus became the subject of many jokes. So ZSTD looks a little bit like a Polish name in the sense that it's made up of many consonant letters, including a Z.
More examples of people making fun of Polish names:
I'm the weird one in the room. I've been using 7z for the last 10-15 years and now .tar.zst, after finding out that ZStandard achieves higher compression than 7-Zip, even with 7-Zip in "best" mode, LZMA version 1, huge dictionary sizes and whatnot.
You can actually use Zstandard as your codec for 7z to get the benefits of better compression and a modern archive format! Downside is it's not a default codec so when someone else tries to open it they may be confused by it not working.
They're Metadata specific for Macs.
If you download a third party compression tool they'll probably have an option somewhere to exclude these from the zips but the default tool doesn't Afaik.
this is a complete uneducated guess from a relatively tech-illiterate guy, but could it contain mac-specific information about weird non-essential stuff like folder backgrounds and item placement on the no-grid view?
HFS+ has a different features set than NTFS or ext4, Apple elect to store metadata that way.
I would imagine modern FS like ZFS or btrfs could benefit from doing something similar but nobody has chosen to implement something like that in that way.
A Copy on White file system that supports snapshots, supported mostly by
ZFS
Zetabyte File System
Copy on Write File System. Less flexible than BTRFS but generally more robust and stable. Better compression in my experience than BTRFS. Out of Kernel Linux support and native FreeBSD.
HFS+
what Mac uses, I have no clue about this. some Copy on Write stuff.
NTFS
Windows File System
From what I know, no compression or COW
In my experience less stable than ext4/ZFS but maybe it's better nowadays.
Great summary, but I've to add that NTFS is WAY more stable than ext4 when it comes to hardware glitches and/or power failures. ZFS is obviously superior to both but overkill for most people, BTRFS should be a nice middle ground and now even NAS manufacturers like Synology are migrating ext4 into BTRFS.
Well that's good to know because I had some terrible luck with it about a decade ago. Although I don't think I would go back to windows, I just don't need it for work anymore and it's become far too complex.
I've also had pretty bad luck with BTRFS though, although it seems to have improved a lot in the past 3 years that I've been using it.
ZFS would be good but having to rebuild the kernel module is a pain in the ass because when it fails to build you're unbootable (on root). I also don't like how clones are dependant on parents, requires a lot of forethought when you're trying to create a reproducible build on eg Gentoo.
Voicebanks for Utau (free (as in beer, iirc) clone of Vocaloid) are primarily distributed as SHIFT-JIS encoded zips. For example, try downloading Yufu Sekka's voicebank: http://sekkayufu.web.fc2.com/ . If I try to unzip the "full set" zip, it produces a folder called РсЙ╠ГЖГtТPУ╞Й╣ГtГЛГZГbГgБi111025Бj. But unar detects the encoding and properly extracts it as 雪歌ユフ単独音フルセット（111025). I'm sure there's some flag you can pass to unzip to specify the encoding, but I like having unar handle it for me automatically.
I know inabakumori! Their music is so cool! When I first listened to rainy boots and lagtrain, it made me feel emotions I thought I had forgotten a long time ago... I wish my japanese was good enough to understand the lyrics without looking them up ._. I'm also a huge fan of Kikuo. His music is just something completely unique, not to mention his insane tuning. He makes Miku sing in ways I didn't think were possible lol
I get you, I want to learn more Japanese. I only understand a very small amount at this point. I don't have any Miku songs that I have really wanted to listen to, but that could change. I might check out Kikuo then. Also I love the animations Inabakumori release with their songs too. They have some new stuff that's really good if you haven't checked it out yet.
First bundling everything in a tar file just to compress the thing in an individual step is kinda stupid, though. Everything takes much longer because of that. If you don't need to preserve POSIX permissions, tar is pointless anyway.
Use an archiving format that does both at once then, preserving whatever tar use cases has and compressing. The two steps are stupid, no arguing against that.
Zip makes different tradeoffs. Its compression is basically the same as gz, but you wouldn't know it from the file sizes.
Tar archives everything together, then compresses. The advantage is that there are more patterns available across all the files, so it can be compressed a lot more.
Zip compresses individual files, then archives. The individual files aren't going to be compressed as much because they aren't handling patterns between files. The advantages are that an error early in the file won't propagate to all the other files after it, and you can read a file in the middle without decompressing everything before it.
Yeah that's a rather important point that's conveniently left out too often. I routinely extract individual files out of large archives. Pretty easy and quick with zip, painfully slow and inefficient with (most) tarballs.
I unironically used xz for a long time. It was just eazy and all around very good compress. A close second is 7zip because I used it on windows for years.
