This was Francis Galton, a British polymath of the 19th and early 20th century, who observed that certain characteristics of parents -such as height- are not passed on completely to their children. If parents' heights lie at the tails of the distribution in both directions, the heights of their children tend to lie closer to the mean of the distribution. Simply speaking, tall parents have kids shorter then they are, and short parents have kids taller than they are.
Galton invented what we today now as linear regression.
The article says that the Dutch children are now shorter than their parents. I was wondering whether this is simply a manifestation of the regression toward the mean, first discovered by Galton (and published in 1886)?
Good charm offensive, it's good when countries collaborate in mutual respect and mutual benefit (from that points of view it's also good that Italy left China's Belt and Road Initiative). The label 'Made in Italy' is unfortunately often misleading, though. Two actual examples:
Containers of tomato paste exported from Xinjiang to Italy are the subject of domestic criminal and international complaints filed by rights lawyers on behalf of Uyghur advocacy groups who allege that the goods were produced using Uyghur forced labor.
The shipment was among 82 containers of agricultural products from China’s state-owned Xinjiang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Investment (Group) Co., Ltd. shipped by rail and sea from Urumqi, capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, to southern Italy in late April, according to the plaintiffs. The shipment also sparked outrage among Italian farmers who protested against the arrival of the cheaper processed tomato products from China in what they said were unfair imports.
[Italian] prosecutors allege that some of the luxury handbags made by the fashion houses' suppliers with the "Made in Italy" stamp are actually made in sweatshops within the European country, employing low-cost Chinese labor. They say many of the sweatshops fall extremely short of legal workshop codes.
As a result of the Italian investigation, judges in June placed Manufactures Dior SRL—a unit of Dior—under so-called court administration after ruling that its supply chain included Chinese-owned firms in Italy that mistreated migrant workers. The same measure was taken against Armani in April and Alviero Martini, known for its map-print bags and other items, in January.
China does not play by the same rules and includes research into a wider range of industries, beyond traditional ones such as steel, including semiconductors, telecom equipment and renewable energy.
Europe (and other regions in the Amercas, Africa, and Asia) can't address this by tariffs alone imho. There is more to do. Not sure whether all political decision makers have understood that, but at least some appear to be heading into the right direction.
pauschales Verbot von Chinesischen Investionen in Europa
Ich bin kein Jurist, aber China macht umgekehrt genau das mit westlichen Firmen. Du kannst in China als westliche Firma kein Tochterunternehmen gründen oder ein chinesisches Unternehmen kaufen (man braucht immer einen chinesischen Partner für ein Joint Venture), kein Land kaufen (etwa für Fabriken), etc.
Aber ja, Europa deshalb nicht unbedingt alles pauschal blockieren, da stimme ich auch zu, obwohl Reziprozität bei internationaler Zusammenarbeit wichtig ist. Ob China am längeren Hebel sitzt, weiss ich nicht. Entscheidungen trifft man halt schneller in Autokratien als in Demokratien, auch wenn wir in Europa manchmal länger brauchen als nötig wäre.
Zu den sicherheitsrelevanten Produkten sollten aber meiner Ansicht nach jedenfalls noch weitere dazu kommen, etwa wenn es um Lieferketten-Audits geht. Solange es aufgrund mangelnder Transparenz keine unabhängigen Audit gibt in China, sollte man zumindest auch diese Produkte gegebenenfalls blocken, damit so Dinge wie Zwangsarbeit ausgeschlossen werden können.
Aber abgesehen von meinen Geschwafel stimme ich Dir auch zu ;-)
Volkswagen statement in May following accusations of forced labour in the Xinjiang plant (operated by VW's joint venture with SAIC)
"[...] as no full supply chain transparency [in China] exists."
Meanwhile, VW had left the joint venture over forced labour accusations.
Another report says:
Volkswagen said in December 2023 that an audit overseen by Markus Löning, Germany’s former commissioner for human rights, found “no indications” of forced labor at the Xinjiang joint venture plant, which is used to road test cars assembled elsewhere in China. Löning conceded, however, that the basis for the audit had been a review of documentation rather than interviews with workers, which he said could be “dangerous.” He also said that “even if they [workers] would be aware of something, they cannot say that in an interview.”
The same report continues:
In June 2023, ECCHR [European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights] filed a complaint with the [German] Federal Office for Economic Affairs and Export Control [...], the German government authority overseeing the country’s Supply Chain Act. The complaint contends that Volkswagen, BMW, and Mercedes-Benz are violating their obligations under the law by failing to adopt appropriate measures to identify and prevent the risks of state-imposed forced labor in their supply chains. [The Federal Office] has not yet responded publicly to the complaint.
And:
“We [Volkswagen] have no transparency about the supplier relationships of the non-controlled shareholding SAIC-Volkswagen.”
"Geopolitical risks, responses to China's economic and export strategy and maintaining free trade must be weighed up against each other."
The EU should not only focus on tariffs as the sole aspect of trade imo, but also raise the issue of state-imposed forced labor in China's EV industry, which significantly contributes to cheap Chinese EVs, as well as other violations of human rights abuses there. Among others, this requires unhindered access to Chinese plants across the supply chain for independent audits. Volkswagen itself admitted a few weeks ago that "no full supply chain transparency exists".
Yes, that's a very illuminating documentary. DW shows just half of it, the entire film has around 90 minutes and was available at www.arte.tv until three or so weeks ago. Maybe Arte TV puts it online again at a later time.
Ich hätte das so erwartet, aber nicht aus eigener Intuition, sondern weil es viele Studien gibt, die das praktisch alle bestätigen. Es gibt sogar zufällig eine aktuelle Meta-Studie dazu:
Drawing on both academic and industry sources, our research team combined the results from more than four decades of prior research on spending behaviour and payment methods into a large dataset.
This data spanned 71 research papers, 17 countries, and more than 11,000 participants. State-of-the-art meta-analysis techniques then allowed us to collectively analyse the results from all these prior studies, and re-examine their insights.
We found that cashless payments were indeed associated with higher levels of consumer spending compared to cash transactions, something that is referred to in the literature as the “cashless effect”.
This cashless effect was consistent across all other payment methods in the data set.
Put simply, it doesn’t matter whether you use a credit card, debit card or a buy-now-pay-later service – you are likely to spend more money using cashless methods than when you pay with cash.
Repression gegen die tibetische Gemeinschaft: Bei Protesten gegen den geplanten Bau eines Wasserkraftwerkes, für dessen Inbetriebnahme mehrere Dörfer und tibetische Klöster von grosser historischer Bedeutung überflutet werden sollen, wurden im Frühjahr 2024 über tausend Menschen, darunter Nonnen und Mönche, verhaftet. Bis zu einer Million tibetische Schülerinnen und Schüler ab 4 Jahren – das sind über 80 Prozent aller schulpflichtigen tibetischen Kinder – werden gezwungen, Internatsschulen fern von ihren Familien zu besuchen, wo ihnen nur die chinesische Sprache und Kultur vermittelt wird.
Repression gegen die uigurische Gemeinschaft in Ostturkestan (chin. Xinjiang): Weltweit Schlagzeilen machte in den vergangenen Jahren die Inhaftierung von etwa einer Million Menschen in so genannten “Umerziehungslagern”, wo sie indoktriniert und teilweise gefoltert und vergewaltigt werden. Während jüngst einige dieser Lager aufgrund des internationalen Drucks geschlossen wurden, wird die uigurische Bevölkerung auch ausserhalb überwacht. Ehemalige Insass:innen der Lager werden unter Hausarrest gestellt, zu langjährigen Haftstrafen verurteilt oder müssen Zwangsarbeit leisten. Zudem ist dokumentiert, wie die chinesische Regierung durch Zwangssterilisationen und weitere Massnahmen zur Geburtenkontrolle bei uigurischen Frauen eine dramatische Änderung der demografischen Zusammensetzung in der Region herbeiführt.