Well first this doesn't really have anything to do with the article.
But to answer your question:
Be in a situation where your central bank (they can't get bankrupt as they literally print money) doesn't give interest (negative interest even better)
Be big, financially competent and trustworthy enough that no one doubts that you can pay back any loan.
Now people that have too much money and need a convenient place to store that money without too much costs buy your debt for more than what it's worth.
Sorry I somehow forgot the first part of your question.
If I understand correctly they threaten to sell off the debt they hold which will increase the supply of that debt, while at the same time decrease the amount of potential buyers.
To still be able to sell their debt the EU countries now have to (as any country needs a constant influx of money) make the new debt more attractive by offering better interest etc
An investigation has been opened into the financing of French far right National Rally (RN) leader Marine Le Pen's 2022 presidential campaign.Prosecutors in Paris said they will look into allegations of embezzlement, forgery and fraud, and that a candidate on an electoral campaign accepted a loan.The investigation was opened a week ago following a 2023 report by the National Commission on Campaign Accounts and Political Financing (CNCCFP).The commission's role is to scrutinise candidates' election expenses and funding and to flag any issues that arise.
No more details have been given on the reasons for the inquiry, nor has Ms Le Pen's camp commented.The RN has previously received loans from Russian and Hungarian banks.
The Russian loan worth €9.4m (£7.9m), however, was all paid back last year.
In 2017, the RN was charged with giving party members suspected fake jobs as assistants at the European Parliament.
A court will judge Ms Le Pen and 24 other members of her party over the alleged misuse of EU funds in September.A veteran of French politics, Ms Le Pen ran for president in 2012, 2017 and 2022.
She was re-elected to parliament during the first round of France's snap parliamentary election last month.Her party unexpectedly came third, despite having achieved a decisive victory in the European Parliament elections just weeks before.
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It's really crazy. Many standard, not luxury cars are able to go 200km/h or even faster. There is exactly one place in the world where you are legally allowed to drive that speed: The German Autobahn. But even there you won't be able to do that due to traffic, speed limits etc. in many cases. It's totally crazy that car manufacturers are building cars for those 70% of Autobahns without speed limit.
Weird how the autobahn with its promise of unlimited speed manages to attract the motorized psychos of Europe, to the degree that almost every episode of Top Gear had a segment set in Germany.
That's a myth from the past. The Autobahns are usually packed with lorries from eastern Europe, long stretches of construction sites, detours via villages and 50km speed limits to avoid crumbling bridges and of course the everyday traffic with people driving to work.
Germany has been pumping large amounts into extending the Autobahn network in the last 30 years while ignoring rail, so now everyone wants to drive because the train is unreliable, slow and expensive.
A GPS based system probably doesn't pick up signs from parking lots you drive past and similar nonsense, though.
Camera based systems issue a lot of false alarms, because drivers are just supposed to know that they've left a lower speed area and are back on a main road now. You don't have speed limit signs on every intersection.
Gps systems then will have to keep a database of speed limits. As speed limits change, those have to be updated. I wonder for how long a manufacturer will provide updates
Or if manufacturers will simply be required to use the government database. Which has the handy side effect of recording all your travels for law enforcement.
If this would also mean I can drive at the max allowed speed and can't get fines I would actually like this. I don't really feel the need for speed anyway, the maximum allowed speed usually is fine for me. But some countries like France switch a lot between 130 and 110, so most of my speeding tickets are because I didn't see the 110 sign immediately and there is a speed camera.
If this solution let's you go a max speed with zero tickets I would use it.
France loves to put the camera at the bottom of a hill, just after a speed reduction... Honestly the way it currently works feels like it's adding more danger than anything. I drive at/below the speed limit always but you see everyone's behaviour changing before the cameras in ways that don't always seem safe.
I've seen Norway master this technique. Top of the hill: 90. Sloping downwards, getting steeper and steeper (like, super steep). Almost near the bottom: 70, 5 meters further a speed cam. And those slopes are no joke. You need to clear your ears, they are that high. By the way, those 70 signs aren't visible from far, due to the terrain and greenery. It's already hard staying at 90 with constant braking. So it's a new set of break pads after every step hill.
This wasn't just once, I've seen it many times during my holidays there, spread throughout the country.
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